physiology
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A 24-hour fast — 0 seconds

A representative healthy adult's fuel supply over the 24 hours after the last meal.

Representative model
Change event
Interactive whole-body physiology modelLoading interactive anatomy
00:00:00
  • Last food · 00:00:00
  • Absorption tapering · 01:00:00
  • The liver takes over · 04:00:00
  • Glycogen drawn down · 08:00:00
  • Both glucose sources contribute · 12:00:00
  • Stored fat more prominent · 16:00:00
  • A full day without food · 24:00:00
Happening now

The last meal has just finished; absorption is still under way and insulin is near its post-meal level.

Explore the mechanism Absorption from the last meal ends

Over the hours after eating, the small intestine finishes absorbing the last meal and no longer adds glucose to the blood.

Evidence for this step

Insulin typically rises with the last meal, falls back over the following hours, and then generally stays low and fairly flat for the rest of a day-long fast. moderate · View sources

In a representative healthy adult, blood glucose typically drifts modestly downward across a day without food and generally stays inside its usual range rather than falling steeply. moderate · View sources

Time: 0 seconds. Milestone: Last food. Active anatomy: Small intestine, Pancreas. Metrics: Blood glucose: typically between 90 and 130 mg/dL; Insulin response: markedly rising; Glucose turnover: markedly rising
  • Whole-body context: 50%
  • Liver: 55%
  • Pancreas: 80%
  • Small intestine: 85%
  • Skeletal muscle: 55%
  • Bloodstream: 70%